State Bamboo Policy

ARUNACHAL PRADESH AT A GLANCE

Location:

Arunachal Pradesh is situated in the extreme North Eastern Part of the Country. It is bordered by the Kingdom of Bhutan to the west, the Tibet Autonomous Region of China to the north, Myanmar to the south-east, the state of Nagaland to the south and the state of Assam also to the south and south-west. It is a sparsely populated mountainous state. The total area is 83743 Sq.Km. The capital is Itanagar. Formerly the North East Frontier Agency constituted in 1951 comprising the tribal areas separated from the then Darrang and Lakhimpur districts of Assam . It became a Union Territory in 1972 and a state in 1987.

Physiography:

Most of the Arunachal Pradesh is mountainous. Its terrain consists of plateaus and ridges that separate deep valleys and the hills rise northward to reach the lesser Himalaya where ridges and spurs reach elevations as high as 3048m. further north along the Tibetan boarder lie the main ranges of the great Himalaya, Kangto near Tulang pass is 7090m high Dense Forest cover more than two-thirds of the territory.

Arunachal Pradesh is drained by the Brahmaputra and its tributaries like Dibang, Lohit, Subansiri, Kameng and Tirap, Noadihing, Digaru, Ranga etc. The Brahmaputra, known as the Tsangpo in Tibet and Dihang in Arunachal Pradesh flows eastward from Manasarovar Lake in Tibet before dipping south through the Himalaya into north-central Arunachal Pradesh. The river then winds its way southward across the length of the state, cutting a narrow steep – sided gorge into the mountain terrain. The Brahmaputra finally emerges on the Assam Plains near Pasighat.

Arunachal Pradesh’s diverse terrain, climate and soils are reflected in the richness of its fauna and flora. About two-thirds of the state is forested. A wide belt of Swampy rain forests lies along the foothills. In the lower elevation tropical evergreen, sub-tropical pine and sub-tropical mixed broad leaved forests are found. With increasing elevation, these change to temperate forests both mixed and coniferous. As per Forest Survey of India report 1997, Arunachal Pradesh had a forest cover of 68602 sq.km which was decreased to 68045 in 2001 that again further decreased to 68019 Sq.Km. in 2003. A variety of bamboo and medicinal plants are available in Arunachal Pradesh’s forest.

Rainfall:

The rainfall in Arunachal Pradesh is amongst the heaviest in the country. The annual average rainfall in Arunachal Pradesh is more than 3500 mm falling mostly between April and September.

Climate:

The climate in Arunachal Pradesh varies with topography and altitude. The foothills zone is sub-tropical and has a hot and humid climate in the lower valleys, the maximum summer temperature reach 35°C while in winter the minimum temperature drops below 14°C. The average temperature decreases as elevation increase in the mountains.

The People:

There are about 25 tribal groups in the state. The most of the population of Arunachal Pradesh is of Asiatic origin and shows physical affinities with the people of Tibet and the Myanmar hill region. There are dozens of tribes and sub-tribes each with a specific geographical distribution. These tribes are integrated into independent groups having similar life style and occupation. The rural settlement pattern is scattered. The dispersed villages and isolated farmsteads are a typical feature of the state. These tribal groups speak about 50 languages and dialects belonging mostly to the Tibetan – Burmese branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family. Thus Assamese, Hindi and English are used as lingna-francas in the state.

Economy:

60 percent of the people are engaged in agriculture. Shifting cultivation is traditionally practiced in the hill. Rice, maize, millet are among the chief crops grown through Jhuming in the hills. The commercial crops grown are oil seeds, potato, ginger, sugarcane, and vegetables. Arunachal Pradesh has great unutilized resource potential including extensive forests, numerous areas for hydro-electric power production, coal, oil and other mineral deposits. However, there are no major industries in jthe state. Basketry, weaving and carpets are the important handicrafts industries. Small scale industries include rice and oil mills, fruit processing plants, forest based products, steel fabrication and sericulture. Different varieties of silk yarns including eri, dak tasar, muga and mulberry are produced here. The tribal people in Arunachal Pradesh wear distinctive garments and headdress. The art of weaving is specially important and textile design are unique to each group. Dances are an important part of community life.

Some important data about the state of Arunachal Pradesh are as under:

Area : 83743 Sq.Km.

Principal Languages : Monpa, Aka, Miji, Ovishi, Apatani,

Digaur, Pushmi, Idu-mishmi, Miju-

mishmi, Khampti, Wanch etc.

Population : 10,91,117

Peracentage of decadal growth of population : 26.21

(1990 – 2001)

Male : 573951

Female : 517166

Rural : 868429

Male : 453560

Female : 414869

Urban : 222688

Male : 120391

Female : 192297

% of urban population : 20.41%

Child between six years : 200055

Male : 102010

Female : 98045

Literacy rate : 44.71%

Women literate : 185425

Male literate : 302371

Density of population : 13

Infrastructure:

Roads : 18365 Km

Railway route length : 1.26 Km

Railway route density per thousand Sq.Km : 0.2 Km

In 2004

No. of Airports : 1 (one)

Per capita consumption of Electricity in 2002-03 : 132.45 Kwh.

Social Infrastructure:

No. of Towns (as per 2001 Census) : 17

No. of Districts : 15

No. of Government Hospitals : 262

No. of Post Office : 301

No. of Bank branches (As on 31-3-05 ): 67

Amount of Deposit (in Crores) : Rs.1269.76 Crores

(As on 31-3-05 )

Amount of Advances (in Crores) : Rs.501.61 Crores

(As on 31-3-05 )

Credit Deposit Ratio (As on 31-3-05 ) : 39.50

Major Industries/Crops/Minerals : Industries exploration and refining of Petroleum, Coal, Saw Plywood & Veneer Mills, Lime, Paper, Handloom & Handicrafts (Bamboo & Cane), Sericulture, Brass & Bell metal. Crops: Tea, Rice, Jute, Cotton, Oil seeds, Sugarcane.

District-wise population is given as under:

Sl. No.	Name of the District	Total population	Male	Female
1.	Tawang	39,242	22,081	17,161
2.	West Kameng	74,527	42,565	31,942
3.	East Kameng	57,065	28,743	28,322
4.	Papumpare	1,21,732	64,028	57,704
5.	Lower Subansiri	55,332	28,181	27,151
6.	Kurung Kumey	42,296	21,085	21,311
7.	Upper Subansiri	55,356	28,170	27,186
8.	West Siang	1,03,783	54,356	49,427
9.	East Siang	87,331	45,133	42,198
10.	Upper Siang	33,356	18,044	15,312
11.	Upper Dibang Valley	7,105	4,107	2,993
12.	Lower Dibang Valley	50,438	27,173	23,265
13.	Lohit	1,43,478	77,252	66,226
14.	Changlang	1,25,334	65,759	59,575
15.	Tirap	1,00,227	52,461	47,766

Total Population below Poverty Line : 4,26,423

Total No. of major river : 11 (eleven)

Total Nos. of National High Ways :

(a) Total Nos. : 2 (NH – 52, NH – 52A)

Total Nos. of other Roads – : BRO : 386.81 Km

PWD : 32.50 Km

Total lengths : 4559.73 Km

No. of Industrial Estates - : 13

(a) Locations Name : Tawang – 1

West Kameng – 2

Papumpare – 2

Lower Subansiri – 1

West Siang – 1

East Siang – 1

Dibang Valley – 1

Lohit – 2

Changlang – 2

(b) Total Area : 82.03 Acres

(d) Occupied : 68

(e) Vacant : 6

Total Power Scenario:

(a) Total Power Generation in the state : 66.50 MU

(b) Power availability : 79.2 MU

Total Nos. of District : 15

(a) Name of District No. of villages

1. Tawang 181

2. West Kameng 212

3. East Kameng 310

4. Papumpare 267

5. Lower Subansiri 652

6. Kurung Kumey

7. Upper Subansiri 398

8. West Siang 398

9. East Siang 144

10. Upper Siang 92

11. Dibang Valley 213

12. Lower Dibang Valley

13. Lohit 493

14. Changlang 336

15. Tirap 167

_______

3863

Un-employed Scenario – : 25275 ( 2003 – 04)

Total area under forest – : 51540 Sq.Km.

Total Bamboo grown area under forest : 4590 Sq.Km.

Total Bamboo Cultivation area under forest : 2500 Sq.Km. (Approx.)

Name of various species of bamboo : 58 species (12 Nos. have commercials use.

Sl.No. Species Local Name

1. Bambusa affinis Lathi bamboo

2. Bambusa arundinacea Kata banh

3. Bambusa cacharensis

P4. Bambusa bamboos Kotoha

5. Bambusa pallida var Nal

P6. Bambusa tulda Jati

P7. Bambusa balcooa Boluka

8. Bambusa polymorpha Betuwa

9. Bambusa nana

P10. Bambusa pallida Bijuli

P11. Bambusa tulda var Gathia jati

P12. Bambusa nutans Mokal

13. Bambusa sp. AAU-4

P14. Bambusa pallida var Nangal

15. Bambusa pallida var Jungle bijuli

16. Bambusa glauscens Fencing

17. Bambusa longispiculata

P18. Bambusa vulgaris Yellow bamboo

19. Bambusa wamin Bottle banh

20. Bambusa mastersii Beti bamboo

P21. Bambusa tulda Small jati

22. Bambusa sp. Hijo

23. Bambusa sp. Maithing

24. Bambusa sp. Tapi

25. Bambusa sp Joram

26. Cephalostachyum pergracile &nb